江蘇新版牛津英語7B Unit 4 知識點



...wd...Unit 4知識點Comic strip1. Follow me, Eddie. 跟著我,Eddiefollow (v.) 跟隨,后面直接跟表示人或事物的名詞作賓語,相當于come aftere.g: Spring follows winter. 冬去春來[拓展] follow (v.) 效仿;理解;服從e.g: As students, we should follow the school rules. 作為學生,我們應該服從校規(guī)He speaks too fast. I can’t follow him. 他說得太快了我聽不懂[提醒] follow形容詞為following,“接著的,以下的〞e.g: Which of the following sentence is right? 以下哪個句子是正確的2. Are you sure, Hobo? 你確定嗎,Hobobe sure “確信,有把握〞,指有把握的判斷常用短語: be sure to do sth. 肯定會做某事be sure of/about sth. 確信某事,對某事有把握be sure + that從句 對……肯定/有把握e.g: You are sure to enjoy the film. 你一定會喜歡這部電影的。
Are you sure of the result? 你對結(jié)果有把握嗎I’m sure that smoking is not good for your health. 我確信吸煙對你的安康無益[拓展] sure (adv.) 當然可以,相當于certainlye.g: --May I use your bike? --Sure./Certainly. --我可以用你的自行車嗎 --當然可以3. Let’s go down here. 讓我們在這兒向下走go down 下去;向下走 反:go up,常用來表示位置或價格的下降down (adv.) 向下e.g: Is this lift going down? 這部電梯是向下開的嗎[拓展] go down還可表示“順著,沿著〞,此時down為介詞,意為“沿……而下〞e.g: Go down this street, and then turn right. 沿著這條街道走,然后右拐4. Don’t be afraid. 不要害怕be afraid 害怕,擔憂afraid (adj.) 害怕的,擔憂的常用短語: be afraid of (doing) sth. 害怕〔做〕某事be afraid to do sth. 因害怕而不敢做某事I’m afraid + that從句 恐怕……e.g: Many people are afraid of tigers. 許多人害怕老虎。
Is your younger brother afraid of swimming. 你弟弟害怕游泳嗎I’m afraid to go out alone at night. 我晚上不敢一個人出去I’m afraid (that) I can’t help you. 恐怕我?guī)筒涣四鉡提醒] “I’m afraid so.〞 表示 “恐怕情況是這樣的〞語氣較委婉e.g: --I hear Mr Wu is ill in hospital. --I’m afraid so.Let’s go and see him after school. --我聽說吳教師生病住院了 --恐怕是這樣的,放學后我們?nèi)タ此?. Eddie,I think we have to go up again. Eddie,我認為我們不得不再上去一次have to 不得不,必須;強調(diào)因客觀條件的制約而不得不去做某事,后接動詞原形e.g: We have to finish the work before supper. 我們不得不在晚飯前完成這項工作[辨析] have to與must詞條含義用法have to“必須〞,有人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)的變化,否認式don’t have to表示“不必〞強調(diào)客觀上的需要must“必須〞,只有一種形式,否認式mustn’t表示“制止〞表示說話人主觀上的看法,強調(diào)主觀上的需要Welcome to the unit1. Let’s go on a trip! 讓我們?nèi)ヂ眯邪?!go on a trip 去旅行 = have a tripgo on...表示“去做……〞e.g: Will the students go on an outing? 學生們打算要出游嗎[拓展] go on還可表示“繼續(xù)〞,常用短語go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事。
e.g: I’m so tired that I can’t go on learning. 我太累了,不能再繼續(xù)學習了2. Sunshine Zoo is north of Sunshine Middle School. 陽光動物園在陽光中學的北面north (n.)北,北方固定構造:be + 方位詞 + of... 表示“某地在另一地的……方向〞,指范圍之外,且中間有一段距離e.g: Our school is north of the post office. 我們學校在郵局北面[拓展] north (n.)北方的;北部的e.g: There will be rain in North England tonight. 今晚英國北部將有雨[辨析] 方位名詞與介詞in,on,to連用時的區(qū)別詞條含義用法in+方位名詞在……之內(nèi)強調(diào)某地在某一特定區(qū)域內(nèi)on+方位名詞在……之外強調(diào)某地在某一特定區(qū)域外,且兩地相互接壤to+方位名詞在……之外強調(diào)某地在某一特定區(qū)域外,且兩地不相連,隔著相望cinemaschoolschoolhillschooltreee.g: The tree is in the north of the school. 那棵樹在學校的北部。
The hill is on the north of the school. 山在學校的北方The cinema is to the north the school. 電影院在學校的北方Reading1. Hi, everybody. 大家好 everybody 代詞,意為“每人,人人〞,相當于everyone,在句中用作單數(shù),代指每一個人e.g: Not everybody likes this book. 并不是每個人都喜歡這本書[提醒] 當everybody作主語時,謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式Everybody here comes from American. 這兒的每個人都來自美國2. Go straight on, and you’ll find the Panda House. 直走,然后你將會找到熊貓屋straight 〔adv.〕徑直地,常與動詞come,go,walk等連用e.g: Come straight home after school. 放學后直接回家[拓展] straight還可作形容詞,意為“直的,筆直的〞e.g: Draw a straight line on the paper. 在紙上畫一條直線。
[提醒] straight的形容詞和副詞都是straight,沒有其他形式類似的詞有:hard (adj.)困難的 hard (adv.)努力地high (adj.)高的 high (adv.)高地deep (adj.)深的 deep (adv.)深深地3. They like to eat bamboo and lie down all day long. 他們喜歡吃竹子,而且躺著一整天1) bamboo (n.)竹子,泛指一般的竹子時為不可數(shù)名詞;特指某些竹子或強調(diào)竹子的種類時為可數(shù)名詞;表示“竹材〞時為不可數(shù)名詞;表示“竹竿;竹棍〞時為可數(shù)名詞e.g: Bamboo is not a tree, but a kind of grass. 竹子不是樹,而是一種草The piece of bamboo makes a musical sound. 這塊竹片能發(fā)出悅耳的音樂聲[拓展] bamboo可用于其他名詞前作定語,常構成短語:bamboo shoots竹筍;bamboo leaves竹葉;bamboo chairs竹椅2) all day long整天地,long副詞,用在表示一段時間的名詞之后,起強調(diào)的作用。
e.g: They work hard all day long. 他們整天努力工作[拓展] 類似的短語有:all month long 整月; all year long 整年4. Walk along the road. 沿著這條馬路走[辨析] road, street與way詞條含義用法road路,道路指可供人或車輛通行的較為廣闊、平坦的“公路,馬路〞,含義較為具體street街道指兩側(cè)有房屋或商店等建筑物的城鎮(zhèn)內(nèi)的“街道〞way路;路線指到達目的地必須經(jīng)過的途徑,含義較為抽象5. Remember that they’re dangerous. 記住他們是不安全的1)remember (v.)記得,記住,后跟名詞、代詞、不定式或動名詞作賓語反義詞為forget(忘記).e.g: --Do you still remember me? --Sorry. I don’t remember your name.--你還記得我嗎 --對不起,我不記得你的名字了[辨析] remember to do sth.與remember doing sth.短語含義用法remember to do sth.記得要做某事強調(diào)事情還沒做remember doing sth.記得做過某事強調(diào)事情是以前做過的e.g: Remember to bring your book here tomorrow. 記得明天把你的書帶過來。
I remember seeing you before. 我記得以前見過你[提醒] forget與remember的用法類似2) dangerous (adj.)不安全的,在句中作定語或表語反義詞為safe〔安全的〕e.g: It’s dangerous to play with fire. 玩火是不安全的[拓展] dangerous的詞型變化及其相應的反義詞:danger (n.) safetydangerous (adj.) safedangerously (adv.) safely6. Monkeys are clever and funny. 猴子們又聰明又有趣funny (adj.) fun (n.) 有趣的事,為不可數(shù)名詞e.g: Reading is fun. 閱讀是件有趣的事7. They jump around and make people laugh. 他們到處跳,使得人們大笑1) laugh (v.)笑,大笑,發(fā)笑常用短語laugh at sb.“嘲笑某人〞e.g: The guests all laughed loudly. 客人們都大聲地笑了。
Don’t laugh at the poor. 不要嘲笑窮人2) make people laugh為“動詞+賓語+賓語補足語〞構造,即:make sb. do sth.使某人做某事make使役動詞,后接不帶to的動詞不定式〔即動詞原形〕作賓語補足語e.g: The strange noise makes him feel frightened at night. 奇怪的聲音使他晚上感到害怕[拓展] 后接不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語的動詞或動詞短語有:一感〔feel〕,二聽〔hear,listen to〕,三讓〔let,make,have〕,四看〔watch,see,notice,look at〕[提醒] 有些動詞那么必須跟帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語如:ask/tell/want sb. to do sth.要求/告訴/想要某人做某事8. They’re quite tall. 他們非常高quite副詞,“相當,非常〞,位于形容詞或副詞的原級前作狀語e.g: The film is quite interesting. 這部電影相當有趣[拓展] 類似quite只修飾原級的副詞有very, too, so等。
9. Cross the bridge, and you’ll see the elephants. 穿過橋,你將會看到大象[辨析] cross與across詞條含義用法cross動詞,意為“穿過〞單獨作謂語,直接跟賓語across介詞,意為“穿過〞不能單獨作謂語,要和表示“走〞的動詞walk, run, fly, jump等連用,此時相當于crosse.g: Be careful when you cross the road. = Be careful when you walk across the road. 過馬路的時候要小心[提醒] crossing名詞,意為“穿插處,十字路口〞Grammar1. 冠詞a/an/the冠詞分為不定冠詞和定冠詞不定冠詞a/an常用來泛指某個人或物,定冠詞the常用來指特定的某個人或物1) 不定冠詞a/ana/an用于表示“一〞的概念,但不強調(diào)數(shù)目概念我們在第一次提到某人或某物時,如果是可數(shù)名詞單詞,常在其前加不定冠詞a/ana/an+單數(shù)名詞〞表示“一個……〞或“某一……〞①表示“一個〞,相當于one,指某人或某物e.g: I have a new computer. 我有一臺新電腦。
②代表一類人或物e.g: A knife is a tool for cutting things. 刀是用來切東西的工具③用于一些習慣用語中e.g: alot of許多;a little少量;a kind of一類[提醒] 以輔音音素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前用a,以元音音素開頭的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前用an,元音音素不等同于元音字母e.g: I want a pear. I don’t want an apple. 我想要一個梨我不想要一個蘋果2) 定冠詞the定冠詞the用在談到之前提過的某人或某物前,或特指某〔些〕人或物,使其區(qū)別于同類的其他人或事物,相當于this, that, these, those, 可以與可數(shù)名詞連用,也可與不可數(shù)名詞連用一般用法有:①用于表達上文已提及的人或事物e.g: I have a new bike. The bike is a birthday present from my uncle. 我有一輛新自行車這輛車是我叔叔送我的生日禮物②用于表示談話雙方都知道的人或事物e.g: He is waiting for me at the school gate. 他正在學校門口等我。
③用于序數(shù)詞和最高級前e.g: This is the first time for me to visit Beijing. 這是我第一次去北京旅行Eddie wants to live next to the biggest restaurant in Beijing. Eddie想住在北京最大的餐館旁邊④用于世界上獨一無二的事物前e.g: The Earth moves around the Sun. 地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)⑤用于方位名詞前e.g: Jiangsu is in the east of China. 江蘇位于中國東部⑥用于由普通名詞構成的專有名詞前We’re going to visit the Great Wall. 我們打算去游覽長城⑦用于樂器名詞前e.g: He can’t play football, but he can play the violin. 他不會踢足球,但是他會拉小提琴⑧與一些形容詞連用,表示一類人,是復數(shù)概念e.g: In China, the old live a happy life. 在中國,老人們過著幸福的生活⑨用于姓氏的復數(shù)前,表示一家人,是復數(shù)概念。
e.g: The Greens are having afternoon tea at present. 此刻,格林一家正在喝下午茶⑩用于一些習慣用語種in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上in the middle of ... 在……的中間2. 方位介詞常用的方位介詞歸類:詞條含義用法at, in在……at + 小地點;in + 大地點between在……之間表示兩者之間,而表示在三者或三者以上的之間,要用amongabove, over, on在……上方above表示“高于某物〞,反義詞為below;over表示“在垂直的正上方〔不接觸外表〕〞,反義詞為under;on表示“在某一平面上〔相互接觸〕〞beside, next to在……旁邊兩者可互換inside在……里面反義詞為outside,“在……外面〞in front of在……的前面表示“在某物外部的前面〞,反義詞為behind; in the front of表示“在某物內(nèi)部的前面〞,反義短語為at the back ofIntegrated skills1. Walk past the house, turn left and walk along the path next to the river. 經(jīng)過房子后向左轉(zhuǎn),然后沿著河邊的小路走。
walk past “經(jīng)過〞,相當于動詞pass;期中past是介詞,意為“經(jīng)過,超過〞e.g: I walk past the Xinhua Bookshop on my way to school. 我在上學的路上經(jīng)過新華書店[辨析] past與pass詞條含義用法past介詞,意為“經(jīng)過;超過〞與動詞walk,go,run等連用作謂語pass動詞,意為“經(jīng)過;傳遞〞指在人或物面前或旁邊經(jīng)過,可單獨作謂語使用2. Take the second turning on the right. 在第二個拐彎處右轉(zhuǎn)此句型構造為“Take + the + 序數(shù)詞 + turning on the left/right.〞,相當于“Turn left/right at the + 序數(shù)詞 + turning.〞turning名詞,意為“轉(zhuǎn)彎處〞,動詞為turn,表示“轉(zhuǎn),拐彎〞e.g: Take the first turning on the left. = Turn left at the first turning. 在第一個拐彎處向左拐[提醒] turning一般指拐彎處,而表示十字路口要用crossing,意為“穿插路口〞。
3. Walk straight on, and you’ll see the traffic lights. 直走,然后你將看到紅綠燈traffic名詞,意為“交通,來往車輛〞,為不可數(shù)名詞e.g: His left knee was hurt in a traffic accident. 他的左膝在一次交通事故中受傷了There is too much traffic on the roads. 道路上來往車輛很多[拓展] traffic常構成的短語:traffic lights紅綠燈 traffic accident 交通事故 traffic jam 交通堵塞 traffic rules 交通規(guī)那么4. Then you’ll see Sunny Garden at the corner of the street. 然后你將會看到在街角的陽光花園corner (n.)拐角,街角;角落at the corner of ... 在……的拐角處e.g: When you get to the corner of the street, you’ll see a cinema. 當你來到街道的拐角處,你就會看到一家電影院。
Task1. My parents will prepare plenty of food and drinks for us. 我的父母將為我們準備大量的食物和飲料1) prepare (v.)準備,相當于get ready,固定短語prepare ... for ... 為……準備……,相當于get ready for ...e.g: The students are preparing for a school trip. 學生們正在為學校旅行做準備[拓展] prepare to do sth. 表示“準備做某事〞e.g: I prepare to go shopping with Kate at the weekend. 周末我準備和凱特去購物2) plenty of大量的,充足的,既可修飾可數(shù)名詞又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞,一般用于肯定句中,相當于a lot of或lots of,在否認句或疑問句中多用many或much替代e.g: There are plenty of books in the school library. 學校圖書館里有許多書My boss has plenty of money. 我的老板有許多人民幣。
2. Get out at Exit A. 在A出口出去exit (n.)出口,復數(shù)為exits反義詞為entrance 入口e.g: Can you find the exit? 你能找到出口嗎Excuse me, where is the entrance? 打攪一下,請問入口在哪里[提醒] 表示“一個出口/入口〞要用an exit/entrance,冠詞為an。